Key Pretreatment Technologies on Cellulosic Ethanol Production
نویسندگان
چکیده
Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuel ethanol involves pretreatments followed by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis to generate fermentable sugars. Efficient pretreatment method can significantly enhance hydrolysis of biomass and thus reduce ethanol production cost. Cellulosic plant materials are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the cheapest source of fermentable sugars. The presence of lignin largely prevents acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of these materials. Optimization of enzyme loading and selection of suitable fermentation techniques based on biomass, may further improve ethanol yield. The present review focuses on various pretreatments based on composition of lignocellulosic biomass and also the simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation and co-immobilization for cellulosic ethanol production.
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